Agilent Manuals

This article describes the application of Varian's 320-MS triple quadrupole LC/MS/MS system in the direct aqueous injection and automated on-line solid phase extraction (SPE) analysis of phenoxy herbicides in drinking water. Phenoxy herbicides are a class of chemicals related to the growth hormone indoleacetic acid. Contact with broad-leaf plants induces rapid, uncontrolled growth, killing the affected plants. Phenoxy herbicides are widely used to selectively destroy broad-leaved weeds amongst wheat or corn crops. The best-known phenoxy herbicides are 2,4-dichlorophenoxy-acetic acid (2,4-D) and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T). 2,4,5-T itself is only moderately toxic, with an oral LD50 of 389 mg/kg. However, the manufacturing process for 2,4,5-T contaminates this chemical with trace amounts of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), which is reported to be extremely toxic to humans. 2,4-D has not been reported as being contaminated with TCDD, however it is one of the most widely used herbicides in the world and is a regulated drinking water contaminant in the United States and other countries.

This application note describes work to determine if concurrent heating could be used to significantly reduce the analysis time and improve sample throughput in the PIONA+ mode.

This document presents a detailed hydrocarbon analysis of petroleum naphthas using the ASTM D 5134 method. The method utilizes Varian's GC instrumentation and CP-Sil PONA CB™ column to determine hydrocarbon components eluting after n-nonane. This method is important for quality control, controlling refinery processes, and evaluating raw materials.

This document demonstrates the femtogram sensitivity of the antipsychotic drugs Raclopride and Ritanserin using the Varian 1200L LC/MS/MS in selected reaction monitoring mode (SRM). Ritanserin is a serotonin-2 antagonist drug shown to be effective in the treatment of anxiety and depression, while Raclopride acts as a dopamine D2 receptor antagonist. The document also provides information on the instrumentation and sample preparation methods used in the study.

This document describes two ionization methods, electrospray ionization (ESI) and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI), for molecular weight determination using a liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) system. ESI is suitable for ionization of a wide variety of compounds, while APCI is used for compounds that do not ionize well with ESI. The document also provides the molecular formulas and molecular weights of two compounds.

This document describes the quantitation of a dinitro flavonoid (DNF) in rat plasma using the Varian 1200L LC/MS/MS system. Flavonoids are compounds that make up the pigments in fruits, vegetables, and herbs. There have been reports of flavonoids having multiple beneficial therapeutic effects for a large number of serious illnesses, such as rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, cataracts, anxiety, and depression. The objective of this work was to carry out a pharmacokinetic evaluation to determine a profile with the formulation being tested at increasing doses where there is pharmacological effect. A Varian 1200L LC/MS/MS system was used for the quantitation of plasma levels of a novel dinitro-substituted flavone (DNF) in samples from a pharmacokinetic study following oral administration of the drug. Flavone was used as the internal standard. Structures are shown in Figure 1.

This document describes a method for pesticide residue analysis in agricultural products. By using a 0.15 mm small diameter capillary GC column, 200 pesticide residues can be separated and quantified quickly and successfully. This method improves instrument productivity and reduces detection limits while improving signal to noise ratios.

This document describes an LC/MS method that can simultaneously detect CYP3A4, CYP2D6 and CYP2C9 metabolites with high sensitivity

This application note describes a new EPA drinking water LC/MS/MS method for the determination of non-volatile compounds on the Varian 325-MS triple quadrupole mass spectrometer.

This document provides information on the source, structure, hazards, and testing methods of mycotoxins in food and feed. Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites of molds that contaminate crops and fruits, posing health risks to humans. The formation of mycotoxins is weather-dependent, making prevention challenging. More than 25% of global agricultural production is contaminated with mycotoxins, resulting in significant economic losses. Many countries have implemented regulations to limit mycotoxin exposure, impacting food and animal feed trade. Testing of raw materials and products is necessary to ensure the safety of food and feed. Current testing methods include gas chromatography with electron capture detection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

This document describes a simple, high-throughput LC/MS/MS method for the detection and quantitation of (±)-11-nor-9-carboxy-delta-9-THC in urine using negative ion electrospray. The method does not require derivatization and provides the same specificity and sensitivity as GC/MS.

This application note describes a graphite tube design that addresses these limitations--with improved sensitivities and detection limits compared to previous tube designs

This application note describes a method for the direct aqueous injection and automated on-line solid phase extraction (SPE) analysis of phenoxy herbicides in drinking water using the Varian 320-MS triple quadrupole LC/MS/MS. The method provides high sensitivity, selectivity, and analysis speed, meeting the requirements for trace-level quantitation of phenoxy herbicides in drinking water.

This document describes the application of Varian's LC/MS/MS technology in the determination of 80 pesticides in vegetables. The analysis can be performed with high accuracy, sensitivity, and speed using Varian's 320-MS Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer and Polaris 3µm C18-A column.