Industrial

This application note describes how the Agilent Technologies 2100 bioanalyzer and the DNA 500 LabChip can be used to detect polymerase chain reaction products corresponding to genetically modified elements and endogenous sequences in corn and soy beans.

This document presents a quantitative determination method for mercury in food using 7500i ICP-MS. Gold is added as a cleansing agent to avoid memory effects. The use of specific instrumental setup and measurement mode allows for rapid and accurate determination of trace mercury levels.

A methodology capable of meeting regulatory requirements has been developed for the determination of chloramphenicol in honey and shrimp. Samples of the two foodstuffs are extracted with Isolute HN-M cartridges and analyzed with both the Agilent 1100 LC/MSD Trap (SL) and the Agilent 1100 LC/MSD (SL) quadrupole with negative mode electrospray ionization. Using deuterated internal standard and one simple sample extraction procedure, both instruments provide a limit of detection at or below 0.1 ppb in both shrimp and honey. Chloramphenicol is a broad range antibiotic that has been banned from foods in the European community and the United States at levels greater than 0.1 ppb.

a high-performance liquid chromatography inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (hplc-icp-ms) method was developed for the rapid and accurate analysis of arsenobetaine in fish samples extracted by accelerated solvent extraction. the combined extraction and analysis approach was validated using certified reference materials for arseno- betaine in fish and during a european intercomparison exercise with a blind sample. up to six species of arsenic can be separated and quantified in the extracts within a 10-minisocratic elution. the method was optimized so as to minimize time-consuming sample preparation steps and to allow for automated extraction and analysis of large sample batches. a comparison of standard addition and external calibration showed no significant difference in the results obtained, which indicates that the liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method is not influenced by severe matrix effects. the extraction procedure could process up to 24 samples in an automated manner while the robustness of the developed high performance liquid chromatography- inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry approach is highlighted by the capability to run more than 50 injec- tions per sequence which equates to a total run-time of more than 12 hours. the method can therefore be used to rapidly and accurately assess the proportion of nontoxic arsenobetaine.

This application note describes a retention time locked (RTL) gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) method for the analysis of derivatized organotin compounds. Three retention time locked libraries are made available, corresponding to three different derivatization methods. The retention time databases allow easy peak location and identification of the target solutes based on mass spectra and retention times.

This article introduces a liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure photoionization-mass spectrometry method (LC-APPI-MS) for the determination of chloramphenicol antibiotics in fish meat. The method involves extraction of the samples with ethyl acetate, followed by liquid-liquid distribution with acetonitrile and n-hexane for cleanup. Recoveries of chloramphenicol from young yellowtail meat and flatfish meat spiked at 0.1-2 ng/g were 89.3%-102.5% and 87.4%-94.8%, respectively. The limit of detection (signal-to-noise = 3) of the young yellowtail meat and the flatfish meat were 0.27 and 0.10 ng/g.

A liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) method was developed for the simultaneous determination of the metabolites of four nitrofuran antibacterial drugs in chicken tissues: furazoli- done, furaltadone, nitrofurazone, and nitrofurantoin. Sample clean-up and analyte enrichment were performed by liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate followed by solvent washing, hydrolysis of the protein-bound drug metabolites, and derivatization with 2-nitrobenzaldehyde (2-NBA). ESI parameters were optimized, and the chro- matographic separation of all metabolites was examined. Each metabolite produced a simple mass spectrum con- taining a strong signal corresponding to [M+H]+. Metabolite calibration curves, in the 0.25 to 1 ng/mL range, exhibited correlation coefficients greater than 0.999. The limit of detection (LOD) for each analyte ranged from 0.02 to 0.06 ng/mL. Introduction The four drugs shown in Figure 1, furazolidone, furaltadone, nitrofurazone, and nitrofurantoin, belong to the group of nitrofuran antibacterial drugs. These drugs have been widely used as feed additives to prevent bacterial enteritis by Escherichia coli and Salmonella in cattle, fish, swine. The main metabolites of these drugs are 5-methyl-5-nitro-2-furaldehyde and 5-amino-5-nitro-2-furaldehyde, which are produced by the hydrolysis of the protein-bound drug metabolites.

This document discusses the natural occurrence of tetracyclines, their use in human and veterinary medicine, and their use as nutritional antibiotics in pig and poultry farming. The document also demonstrates the HPLC separation of antibacterial drugs with a tetracycline structure using a Zorbax SB-C18 reversed phase column and an alternative mobile phase to TFA. The HPLC method provides an easy, reliable, and precise analysis of the antibacterial drugs.

The document describes the methods of isolating penicillins from the culture medium of certain fungi and synthesizing other penicillins through semisynthesis or precursor-indicated biosynthesis. Penicillin inhibits the polymerization of murin, which is responsible for the stability of the bacteria's cell wall. Due to the toxicity of many antibacterials, various countries regulate the level of antibacterial residues in agricultural, veterinary, dairy, and meat-based food products. The HPLC analysis in the document demonstrates the separation of four common antibacterial drugs with penicillin-like structure on an SB-C18 reversed phase column.

Quadrupole Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to determine lead (Pb) isotope ratios in Dan-shen, a type of herb used in Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCM), and in water and soil samples all taken from the same geographical location.

This application note details the relative merits of two techniques for the analysis of organotin compounds: gas chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (GC-ICP-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS).

This document describes an analytical method for the active ingredient in an agricultural fungicide formulation. Liquid chromatography is used to easily separate and detect the active ingredient without extensive sample preparation.

This document describes the successful analysis of carbamates (a class of highly effective insecticides) and phenyl ureas (a class of herbicides) using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization (ESI), atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI), and atmospheric pressure photo ionization (APPI) sources. APPI and APCI exhibited lower background signals and fewer background peaks than ESI. Phenyl ureas, in general, exhibited better signal-to-noise ratios (S/N) from APCI or APPI than from ESI. However, it was just the opposite for carbamates. The S/N was better from ESI than from APCI or APPI. A small amount of post-column acetone was needed in the APPI source as a photoionizable dopant for charge transfer to the analyte.

Two retention time locked methods for the analysis of essential oil compounds are described

Separation of Water-Soluble Vitamins Using Reversed-Phase Chromatography