the cdc516 is a phase-lock loop clock driver from texas instruments that is specifically designed for use with synchronous drams. it uses a phase-lock loop (pll) to precisely align, in both frequency and phase, the feedback output (fbout) to the clock (clk) input signal. the device operates at 3.3v vcc and is designed to drive up to five clock loads per output. four banks of four outputs provide 16 low-skew, low-jitter copies of the input clock. output signal duty cycles are adjusted to 50 percent, independent of the duty cycle at the input clock. each bank of outputs can be enabled or disabled separately via the 1g, 2g, 3g, and 4g control inputs. when the g inputs are high, the outputs switch in phase and frequency with clk; when the g inputs are low, the outputs are disabled to the logic-low state. unlike many products containing plls, the cdc516 does not require external rc networks. the loop filter for the pll is included on-chip, minimizing the number of external components required and improving product reliability.