The application of erythritol in the preparation of drugs for the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver is disclosed. The invention proves the therapeutic effect of erythritol on the animal model of non-alcoholic fatty liver and the model of liver cell lipid accumulation through pharmacological experiments. The results show that erythritol can effectively reduce the lipid content in liver cells by regulating the expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and cholesterol regulatory element binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c) in liver cells; in the mouse model of non-alcoholic fatty liver, erythritol can significantly reduce the accumulation of lipids in the liver, and significantly inhibit the levels of AST and ALT. In short, erythritol can exert a regulatory effect on blood lipids by suppressing the expression of SREBP-1 and ACC.